How are Seeds and Fruits Formed in a Plant
Seeds and Fruits Formation in a Plant
Seed Formation:
Ripened ovule after fertilization is called seed. The seeds are the embryos of flowering plants in dormant stage. Seeds provide protection and nourishment to the embryo. A seed has three parts:
- i) Seed Coat: – Outmost covering is called testa and inner layer is called tegmen. Testa and tegmen form seed coat.
- ii) The Embryo: – Embryo is developed from zygote through mitosis It has three parts:
- A radicle is an embryonic bud which grows to form the stem.
- A plumule is an embryonic bud which grows to form the root.
- One or two Cotyledons store the food of endosperm in some seeds and become thick.
iii) Endosperm: – It is a food storing tissue when food is not stored in the cotyledons.
Fruit Formation:
After fertilization ovary wall becomes fleshy or scaly and forms fruit. Fruit protect seed and help in dispersal of the plant.
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